Guarding Ossabaw Island: History and Archaeology of the 47th N.Y.V.I. Camp

The Ossabaw Island Database includes the artifacts recovered during the course of two archaeological surveys conducted by the faculty, staff, and students of Morehead State University and Georgia Southern University - Armstrong Campus in 2025 and 2026, and the documents collected as part of the Ossabaw Island Public History Project. The following on-line catalogue shares the artifacts and historical documents associated with the camp of the 47th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment, which was stationed at Ossabaw Island from February to July 1863.

The 47th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment, known as the "Washington Grays," was formed in 1861 and served throughout the Civil War, participating in numerous campaigns across the South. Initially recruited in New York City and Brooklyn, the regiment was mustered into service in September 1861 and saw action in key locations such as Hilton Head, Edisto Island, James Island, and Fort Wagner. The regiment endured significant losses, particularly at the Battle of Olustee in Florida, and later took part in major operations in Virginia, including the battles of Cold Harbor and Petersburg. Over its four years of service, the 47th New York was involved in both combat and garrison duties, suffering a total of 250 deaths from battle and disease before being mustered out in August 1865.

During 1863, the 47th New York was stationed on Ossabaw Island, Georgia, where they were primarily engaged in constructing fortifications, performing picket and guard duty, and supporting naval operations. The regiment faced harsh environmental conditions, including disease, challenging terrain, and wildlife, which affected their ability to perform camp duties. Notable events included the construction of Battery Seymour, skirmishes with Confederate forces, and the capture of some of their men. The 47th’s time on Ossabaw Island was marked by both military activity and the daily hardships of soldiering in the coastal South during the Civil War.

Photographs by Serenity Jo Baughman
Metadata for artifacts and research materials by Emma McClure and Joan Rose

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026.026-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

Very hard encrusted 3 ring Minie ball
026.027-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

3 ring Minie ball, screw extracted, with mold seam with flashing
026.028-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

3 ring Minie ball
026.029-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

Fired 52 caliber Sharp's bullet, no deformation, rifling, 426 gr
026.030-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

Hemispherical musket ball with multiple rifle flats, possible Halls rifle
026.031-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

Small conical bullet, possibly for a .36 Colt Revolver
026.032-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

Faceted Buck shot
026.033-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

Unspent 4 flange percussion cap
026.034-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

Unspent 4-flange percussion cap
026.035-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

Spent 4 flange percussion cap
026.036-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

2 flanges from a 4-flange percussion cap
026.037-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

Model 1842 leather sling hook, with two brass rivets
026.038-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

Knapsack hook, 0.633" diameter button
026.039-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

Knapsack hook, 0.653" diameter button
026.040-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

Knapsack hook
026.041-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

Knapsack hook
026.042-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

Knapsack rivet, .66" diameter button, Zinc
026.043-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

Broken canteen spout, slightly oval
026.044-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

2-piece 20 mm Eagle button with shield, loop intact, back marked "WATERBURY BUTTON CO", pristine shape
026.045-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

2 piece 19 mm Eagle button with shield, loop intact, back marked "EXTRA QUALITY", shield pushed in
026.046-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

2 piece 19 mm Eagle button with shield, loop intact
026.047-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

2 piece 19mm Eagle button with shield, loop intact
026.048-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

2 piece 19mm Eagle button with shield, loop intact
026.050-OSSAWBAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

2 piece 16 mm Eagle button with "I" in shield, loop intact, back marked "SCOVILL MFG CO"
026.051-OSSABAW

Morehead State University History Department (Morehead, KY)

2 piece 16 mm Eagle button with "I" in shield, loop intact, back marked "SCOVILL MFG CO"